About the Philippines Essay

The Philippines is located in the southeastern portion of Asia. Her neighbor on the north is the Republic of China (Taiwan or Formosa), while on the west is Communist Vietnam. Further west is Thailand. Immediately to the south of the Philippines is Indonesia and to the southwest are Malaysia and Singapore. The Philippines is separated from her nearby Asian neighbors by several bodies of water. They are the Pacific Ocean on the east, the South China Sea on the north and west, and the Celebes Sea and the coastal waters of Borneo on the south. I. LAND AND ITS PEOPLE The Philippines is an archipelago of 7,107 islands and islets. The biggest islands are Luzon, with a land area of 40,530 square miles (105,000 square kilometers); Mindanao, 36,670 square miles (95,000 square kilometers); Palawan, 5,749.86 square miles (14, 896 square kilometers); Negros, 5,278.55 square miles (13,675 square kilometers); and Samar, 5,183.59 square miles (13,429 square kilometers). She has a rugged land mass and, similarly, she has an irregular coastline, which is twice as long as that of the continental U.S.A. This irregularity has resulted in numerous fine harbors and landlocked straights that can accommodate large ships. They can also be a refuge of ships in distress during stormy weather. The land surface is 115,800 square miles (300,000 square kilometers). Land forms include hills, plains, valleys, and mountains. Her mountain ranges, which are volcanic in origin, are drained by small river systems. There are seven major mountain ranges. The largest and longest is Sierra Madre, which faces the Pacific Ocean on the eastern coast of Luzon. See more: Experiment on polytropic process Essay The highest peak is Mt. Apo, a volcano in Davao del Sur Province. It has an elevation of 9,691.60 feet (2,954 meters). Three Major Islands. The three major geographical groups in the country are Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Luzon comprises the northern portion of the archipelago. The Visayan region has about 6,000 islands including Leyte, Cebu, Samar, and Bohol. Mindanao is the second largest land and encompasses about 400 small islands. These islands are divided into provinces, which are run like states in the United States. Each province is ruled by a governor, a vice governor, and members of the provincial board. Each province is composed of cities, towns, and barrios. Several â€Å"Pinatubos.† There are several volcanos in the Philippines. These have been one of the natural causes of destruction to life and property for centuries. At least 10 are considered active. The most famous are Iraya on Batanes Island; Taal in Batangas; Banahaw in Quezon; Mayon in Albay; and Hibok- Hibok on the Camiguin Islands; Makaturing in Lanao; Apo in Davao, and Mt. Pinatubo in Zambales. Mt. Pinatubo has gained notoriety as being the most destructive volcano in the world. It lay dormant before it erupted in June 1991. It directly and indirectly caused damage to public and private property in the provinces of Zambales, Bataan, and Pampanga, including the Clark Air Force Base in Angeles City, Pampanga Province. Its ashes spread all over the world, causing global warming, damage to the ozone layer, and adverse effects on communications. After six years of eruption, the lahar deposits along the volcano still cascade down the slopes after heavy rains. They continue to take lives, destroy bridges and roads, and defy billion-peso dikes built to contain lahar flows. These lahar flows are expected to last for five or more years, according to volcanologists. The Philippines lies within the Pacific seimic belt, which is why she experiences severer earthquakes. Christian Groups. The people of the Philippines number about 73,265,584 (July 1995 estimate). There are several ethnic groups and more than 65 so-called cultural minorities in the Philippines, which speak their own dialects or languages. Among these ethnic groups are the Tagalog, the Ilocano, the Pangasinanian, the Pampangue?o, the Bicolano, the Cebuano, the Ilongo, and the Waray-Waray. They comprise more than 90 percent of all Filipinos and are the Christians. About 84 percent of Filipinos are Roman Catholics. The Tagalogs live in Manila and in central and southern Luzon. Although they speak Tagalog, they have intonations of their own, as do the Batangue?os from Batangas Province. The Tagalogs mostly live in such provinces as Nueva Ecija (the Ilocanos also live in some towns in the northern part of the province), Bulacan, Rizal, Batangas, Quezon, Laguna, and Mindoro (Oriental and Occidental). The Tagalogs dominate the people in Manila. There are, however, many people in the city who have come from different parts of the country, including Luzon, to live in the big city. Many also have come from the Bicol region and the Visayan islands. The Ilocanos live in the Ilocos region in northern Luzon, particularly Ilocos Sur and Ilocos Norte, but many of them have migrated in large numbers to central Luzon, and, of course, to the United States. Most of the oldtimers in the United States in the late 1920s and early 1930s came from the Ilocos region. The Ilongos live in western Negros, in southern Mindoro, and on the island of Panay. The Cebuanos predominate in Cebu, western Leyte, Bohol, eastern Negros, and in some coastal areas of Mindanao. The Bicolanos are in the southeastern Luzon and nearby islands, including the provinces of Albay, Camarines Norte, etc. The Pampangue?os or Kapampangans live in central Luzon, particularly in Pampanga Province. The Pangasinanians live in the Lingayen Gulf region of Luzon, including Pangasinan Province; however, many Pangasinanians have migrated into other towns in central Luzon. The Waray-Warays are in the provinces of Samar and eastern Leyte. Other Groups. Chinese and other groups also live in the Philippines. The Chinese comprise 1.5 percent of the population, and are active in business. Cultural Minorities. There are more than 65 cultural minorities, similar to the Indian tribes in th e United States, who live in reservations and in the mountains. They include the Muslim groups, which are comprised of the Maranao, the Samal, the Maguindanao, the Tausug, etc. They live in the Sulu Archipelago and southern Mindanao. There are also the so-called upland tribal groups who live in the mountain regions of the country, such as in the Mountain Province of Luzon. In northern Luzon, the other ethnic groups include the Bontoc, the Kalinga, the Ifugao, the Kankanay, the Ibaloi, the Isneg, the Ilongot, the Tinguian, and the Gadang. The Mangyan group lives in Mindanao and the Batak and the Tagbanua live in Palawan. In Mindanao there are groups known as the Tiruray, the T’Boli, the Bagobo, the Mandaya, the Bukidnon, the Subanun, and the Manobo. The Negritoes, popularly known as the Agta or the Aeta live in the mountainous areas of Luzon, Negros, Panay, and Mindanao. â€Å"I love You! Iniibig Kita!† Yes, â€Å"I love you† is said in about 87 dialects or languages in the Philippines. These include Tagalog, Kapampangan, Iloc ano, Cebuano, Pangasinanian, Bicolano, Hiligaynon, Chabacano, and the different dialects spoken by other ethnic groups such as Muslims and cultural minorities. The Filipino dialects belong to the so-called Malayo-Polynesian language family, which is said to be the largest language family throughout the world. Pilipino (not Filipino), which is based on Tagalog, is the national language in the Philippines, but both English and Pilipino, are the official languages in schools, in government, and in private institutions, especially in urban places. English serves as the official language used in communications and in business meetings, especially by Rotarians, Jaycees, and other organizations. That is, English and Pilipino both serve as the media of communications among the people who also speak their own dialects. It is common that when a Filipino in the Philippines and a Filipino in America write to each other, they communicate in English. But in daily conversation, English and Pilipino are combined, which is called Taglish (meaning Tagalog (Pilipino) and English. For instance, one may say, â€Å"Pupunta ako sa Maynila, to enroll at the University of the Philippines, (I’ll go to Manila to enroll at the†¦.) or â€Å"Okeng, okey ka, you’re so sweet!† (You’re o kay and you’re so sweet!†) So whenever you meet Filipinos in the United States, they may be speaking their own dialects when not speaking in English. However, these groups know Pilipino. So if you want to know a Filipino language, it should be Tagalog or Pilipino so that you’ll have more people whom you can converse with. Government.The Philippines has a democratic form of government, like that of the United States. The government is divided into executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Have Pesos and Enjoy! If you have the dollar, you can have it changed to the Philippine peso. The dollar when this book was about to go to press was equivalent to forty pesos (P40.00). The Philippine currency consists of the peso (P) and the centavo. One hundred centavos equal P1. Coin denominations are 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 centavos, and P1, P2, and P5. Bill denominations consist of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, and 1,000 pesos. Foreign currency may be exchanged in banks, hotels, and most large department stores, which have authorized money-changing shops. Charge It! Charge It! Most large hotels, stores, restaurants, and resort areas accept major credit cards, including Visa, Mastercard, and American Express. At hotels and other large stores, traveler’s checks are accepted, preferably American Express. How’s the Weather? The weather in the Philippines is tropical, the country having only two seasons, the dry and rainy seasons. It’s usually hot from April to July. The dry season is between November and June and the rainy season is between July and October. Filipinos consider December, January, and February as the cool months. But they may not be considered as winter without snow as in the United States; maybe it’s milder or like spring or fall. II. FLASHBACK: THE EARLY FILIPINOS The Philippines, scientists believe, once was a part of Mainland China. According to the scientists, during the Ice Age, the waters surrounding the Philippines dropped to about 156 feet below the present levels, exposing large bodies of land. These became land bridges connecting the Philippines to the Asian mainland. The Philippines, Out from the Bottom of the Sea? In February 1976, Dr. Fritjof Voss, a German scientist who studied the geology of the Philippines, questioned the validity of this theory of land bridges. He maintained that the Philippines was never part of mainland Asia. He claimed that it arose from the bottom of the sea and, as the thin Pacific crust moved below it, continued to rise. It continues to rise today. The country lies along great Earth faults that extend to deep undersea trenches. The resulting violent earthquakes caused what is now the land masses forming the Philippines to rise to the surface of the sea. Dr. Voss also pointed out that when scientific studies were done on the earth’s crust from 1964 to 1967, it was discovered that the 35-kilometer-thick crust underneath China does not reach the Philippines. Thus, the latter could not have been a land bridge to the Asian mainland. When They Came, How They Came. The traditional teaching of Philippine history in Filipino schools today has early Philippine habitants coming in waves. In 1962, it was concluded that about 250,000 years ago, primitive men came to the Philippines from the Asian mainland. Then about 25,000 years ago came the pygmies, the small, black-skinned, squat-nosed, thick-lipped, and kinky-haired people from the south over the still remaining land bridges. (They are considered the ancestors of the Negritoes, who are, in turn, regarded as the aborigines of the Philippines.) Around 12,000 to 15,000 years ago, another Negrito (or Aeta) migration occurred. They reached Luzon from Borneo over land bridges in Palawan and Mindoro. The submergence of the land bridges when the ice melted with the passing of time did not prevent other people from inhabiting the Philippines. 5,000 to 6,000 Years Ago? The first Indonesians arrived by boat from Southeast Asia some 5,000 to 6,000 years ago. Much later, around 1500 B.C., a second wave of Indonesians arrived. Then came the Malays in two successive waves, the first between 800 and 500 B.C. and the second, between 300 and 200 B.C. From Borneo, they traveled by sailboats and settled in the three major islands of the Philippines: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Subsequent peoples who came from the start of Christianity until the present time include the Indians (Hindus), the Arabs, the Chinese, other Eastern Asians, the Europeans, and the Americans. Who Came First? The matter of who the first settlers were has not been really resolved. This is being disputed by anthropologists, as well as the theory of Professor H. Otley Beyer that the first inhabitants of the Philippines ca me from the Malay Peninsula. The Malays now constitute the largest portion of the populace and what Filipinos now have is a Malayan culture. Anthropologist F. Landa Jocano of the University of the Philippines contends that what fossil evidence of ancient men show is that they not only migrated to the Philippines, but also to New Guinea, Borneo, and Australia. He says that there is no way of determining if they were Negritoes at all. However, what is sure is that there is evidence the Philippines was inhabited as early as 21,000 or 22,000 years ago. In 1962, a skull cap and a portion of a jaw, presumed to be those of a human being, were found in a Tabon cave in Palawan Province. The discovery proved that man came earlier to the Philippines than to the Malay Peninsula; therefore, the first inhabitants of the former did not come from the latter. Jocano further believes that present Filipinos are products of the long process of evolutions and movements of people. This not only holds true for Filipinos, but for the Indonesians and the Malays of Malaysia, as well. No group among the three is culturally or racially dominant. Hence, Jocano says that it is not correct to attribute the Filipino culture as being Malay in orientation. According to Jocano’s findings, the peoples of the prehistoric islands of Southeast Asia were of the same population as the combination of human evolution that occurred in the islands of Southeast Asia about 1.9 million years ago. The proofs of this are fossil materials found in different parts of the region and the movements of other peoples from the Asian mainland during historic times. He states that these ancient men cannot be categorized under any of the historically identified ethnic groups (Malays, Indonesians, Filipinos) of today. Some Filipino ethnic groups were pagans while others were Muslims. The pagans were converted to Christianity by the Spaniards. The Americans later arrived and introduced further cultural changes, which made the Filipinos more and more different from the peoples of other Southeast Asian countries.

Block Scheduling vs Periods Essay

A small debate has always been discussed when talking about block scheduling and traditional class periods. Some people like the longer classes while others prefer the traditional six shorter class periods. Everyone has their own opinions about block scheduling. Block scheduling can be really helpful to high school students in many ways. Although, block scheduling is a longer time spent in one class, it should be mandatory in all high schools rather than traditional class periods. Block Scheduling is more like college classes, rather than traditional six period classes. There are many ways to schedule with using the block method. One option is the alternating block schedule. Classes meet each day for ninety minutes. Four classes meet on A days, and four meet on B days, with days of the week alternating as A or B. The second method is the semester block scheduling. This allows students to attend just four classes for ninety minutes each day for an entire semester. The following semester students enroll in another four classes. These two methods are the most like college classes. It is good for high school students to experience and get used to the longer time spent in classes to prepare them for college. Block scheduling allows students to take more subjects and cover more material in one class. High school students need to prepare for the future and get used to the way college classes are organized and with the block scheduling they are sure to do that. With the six traditional class periods students only have forty-five to sixty minutes in each class before the bell signals for the next. By the traditional six classes they stay in the same subject all year around. Block scheduling gives two more extra classes to take because of the extra time (Schroth). Many high school students are involved in extracurricular activities at the school they attend. By using the block method, teachers can get most of everything they had planned finished in one class allowing extra time to do class work and students will not have as much homework. Only having four classes cut down on homework rather than six classes all year around. Block scheduling allows teachers to teach less students and can have relationships and get to know each student very well. Students can get direct help from the instructor and can learn more easily (Ediger). This is good for at risk students because it gives them a chance to just focus on a few subjects each semester rather than all year long. In some schools, block scheduling allows students to take dual enrollment at their local community college. By doing this, high school students can get a head start on college classes if they are able (Childers). Many opportunities to help academics can come from the block scheduling method. Block Scheduling allows students who fail a subject the first semester, to retake it the second semester. Many schools have seen test scores increase (Wilson). While students have more time to do daily work instead of homework, teachers have more time for their planning period. It allows more time for more in class projects and individual work between students and the instructor. Many teachers have said that with block scheduling, more discipline problems have decreased. Because traditional scheduling requires changing classes six times a day, students get more chances to start trouble between those classes. With block scheduling you’re only changing three times and there is a less chance of problems between classes (Wilson). Block scheduling does have its disadvantages just like traditional scheduling. Since students will not be going to class daily, some subjects might require drill and practice to stay refreshed on a student’s mind (Schroth). With classes being ninety minutes, students might get tired or bored with the subject they are in and ready to go to the next class. A bad instructor could cause students to not want to go to class for that long of a time. Block scheduling advantages outweighs its disadvantage. It prepares high school students for college. College classes are completely different than high school. Teachers have more time to prepare, teach and individually help each student in class. Discipline issues have decreased because of the less time spent in the hallways. The block method is great for all high schools and preparing students for the future.

Angelina Grimk's Letters to Catharine Beecher Essay

Angelina Grimk's Letters to Catharine Beecher - Essay Example Such a formulaic approach may be somewhat non-engaging with the reader; however, it is necessary in order to understand the progression and development that many of the key agents of societal change have embarked upon as they have sought to better themselves as well as the societies in which they lived. This was very much the case with Angelina Grimke’s efforts to abolish slavery and better the plight of women in the society of her time. As such, this brief analysis piece will discuss the ways in which Grimke accomplished some of these feats as a function of analysis of the letters that she wrote to a fellow friend and colleague Catharine Beecher. The back and forth between the two women has been subsequently published by a number of different sources that sought to analyze the distinct political and social growth that their debate precipitated. The fact of the matter was that Beecher and Grimke represented the very early forms of conservative and liberal thought within the Am erican political system. Although neither of them had the right to vote or carried any great amount of political clout, the arguments that were employed as well as the type of logic they both relied upon denotes a fundamentally American development of the political spectrum from that of the woman that supported the status quo as something â€Å"ordained by God† and the woman who found the status quo repulsive and ripe for a systemic change which could work to make the American political and social landscape more representative, fair, and less racist. In one of her letters, Beecher wrote to Grimke, â€Å"Women hold a subordinate position to men as ‘a beneficent and immutable Divine law’ †¦ and are the proper persons to make appeals to the rulers whom they appoint†¦ [females] are surely out of their place in attempting to do it themselves†.1 Such a world view is of course patently evident of a very traditional acceptance of gender roles within soci ety. However, it should be noted that rather than engaging on the topic of whether or not slavery was itself a tenable and/or defensible position, Beecher chose instead to argue the point from the perspective that women should put themselves in subjugation to the men who have the God-given right to make and define law. Such an approach was of course a cheap rhetorical attempt to ignore the broader moral question that defined the issues. As such, Grimke’s response served to exploit and shine light on such a cheap rhetorical aside. Said Grimke as a way of response to such a traditionalist and closed-minded response to the moral ills of the time, â€Å"Women ought to feel a peculiar sympathy in the colored man's wrong, for, like him, she has been accused of mental inferiority, and denied the privileges of a liberal education†. 2 In such a way, Grimke brought the debate directly back to the prescient issue with regards to how women are as morally responsible for the sin of slavery as their male counterparts. Grimke goes on to state, â€Å"The doctrine of blind obedience and unqualified submission to any human power, whether civil or ecclesiastical, is the doctrine of despotism, and ought to have no place among Republicans and Christians†.3 Although many of her time thought her to be a radical of sorts and

Street art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Street art - Research Paper Example The traditional graffiti have been increasingly espoused as a technique of advertising, and its trajectory leading its artists perform their tasks on contract basis as graphic artists for corporations in some particular cases. The street art is in itself a paradigm of hybridism in the global visual culture, a postmodern genre that is distinguished by real-time practice than by the sense of unified theory, movement, or message. This artistic work is a community of practice with its own learned, rules, codes, techniques of communication, and hierarchies of prestige. Historical analysis explains that the street art movement all began in New York in the 1960s by young adults who sprayed words and together with other images on the walls and trains. Their artistic paintings appeared impressive with colorful and energetic styles, and were hence called graffiti. Ideally, such paintings were seen by that society as an expression of the youths to rebel against the society and to reject the set rules of the country. Street art begun as an underground, anarchic, in-your-face appropriation of the public visual surfaces, and has now become a major part of visual space in several towns and cities, and recognized as an art movement crossing over into the museum and gallery system. Traditionally, the graffiti artists primarily used their free-hand aerosol paints to produce their works but have currently transformed used to the innovations brought about by the technologically developments to include other media and techniques.

Public and Private Partnership Barnhill school, Hillingdon Essay

Public and Private Partnership Barnhill school, Hillingdon - Essay Example The popularity of the PPPs has been likely to increase over the years as there are a greater number of such partnerships between the private and the public sector, where the public sector’s limited budgets persist the adoption of such a partnership and the private sector envisages opportunities of making profits through such partnerships. However, this partnership demands a close scrutiny in order to have a complete analysis of the outcomes that are required. The possibilities of the partnership between the two sectors is illustrated with the (Figure 1)As the figure illustrates at one extreme the public sector can fully take charge and responsibility of all the aspects of the service delivery including the infrastructure, whereas the private sector can also take up these responsibilities. However, there is a variation relative to a number of responsibilities taken up by both the sectors. In the ideal situation the PPPs help in capitalizing the strengths of the parties from bot h the sectors, so as to make the partnership mutually beneficial.A new school needed to be established in the Borough of Hillingdon by the Hillingdon Borough Council in order to provide additional space within the borough for educating 1450 school children, between the ages of 11 and 18 years (Ryan, 2004). The school required facilities that included assembly hall, dining area, catering facility, library, IT suite, sports hall a stimulating indoor environment, hence a complete construction of the building on the existing site. For this to take place Private Finance Initiative (PFI) was used as the route of procurement in order to make use of the public money in a better and effective way. The government policies were taken into consideration for the project that also required it to be environmentally, economically and socially sustainable (Garwood, Logan, Mills, & Willoughby). The Stakeholders to the project The PFI project (Broadbent & Laughlin, 1998) has two fundamental requiremen ts that it must demonstrate the value for money and also there should be transfer of risk from the public sector to the private sector. As for the value of money, it can be

HOW EASY IT IS TO BE FAMOUS TODAY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HOW EASY IT IS TO BE FAMOUS TODAY - Essay Example At some point in their lives everyone thinks that fame is the ultimate prize. This desire for fame has given rise to countless TV shows. So, whether it’s America’s Next Top Model or American Idol, these reality shows will always have an audience because they cater to a very deep desire of the audiences. Everyone sees a little bit of themselves in the participants. Being famous does not seem that bad. Fame is the most powerful resource of the American society. After all, it was Oprah’s fame that landed her in Forbes list of most powerful women in the world. People, who command fame, become the privileged upper class of our society. Fame is greater than sex appeal; it is above charm and charisma. Fame brings with it wealth, appreciation and credibility (Jessup n.d.). Famous people are poised, outgoing and fun. Everyone knows them and wants to be like them. The Hilton sisters and the Kardashian Clan are celebrities. They are simply famous for being famous and thanks to them we know that it doesn’t take talent, beauty or even intelligence to become famous. To become well-known, you just need to be born in a wealthy family that readily indulges your every whim. Of course, Bill Gates and Warren Buffet worked hard to get rich, they are no doubt famous but Paris Hilton, Kim Kardashian and Nicole Richie didn’t work at all for any of their wealth. This method of achieving fame is obviously not for the person who knows the real value of a dollar (Kelley, 2010). Our next lesson in fame is also brought to you by the same people. This may be a shocker, but it seems that sleeping with famous people and making sex tapes is the perfect way to achieve fame and glory in today’s content crazy world. Paris Hilton and Kim Kardashian have benefitted extremely well from this phenomenon. Soon after their tapes hit the market, these ladies were glossing up the covers of magazines and getting million dollar endorsement deals and Kim is even

Response Paper 1 - Enacted Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Response Paper 1 - Enacted Environment - Essay Example They succeed in some ways and fall short in others. However, even more than falling short of explaining themselves adequately, their arguments simply only apply in some cases but not all. It is my belief that their ideas are very helpful in cases in which they are applicable, but there are many cases in which these ideas do not apply. There are reasons why the traditional practices of strategic management have been used for as long as they have by so many businesses, and there is something to be said for using them, so I can see this argument from both sides. What the authors are saying offers a new and useful perspective that can certainly be helpful when it applies, and their view is something that most managers fail to even acknowledge and can benefit from recognizing. However, I do not think it should be presented as the only possible view that applies, as traditional strategic management views really are the most useful in some situations. Yes, managers must look at themselves a nd their situations objectively, but external trends and consumer patterns cannot be ignored. It is true, as the authors of this article claim, that it is important for managers to look within themselves and their organizations when attempting to solve problems, but managers also need TEXAS SOUTHERN judge judy to observe what is going on in the market and in the minds of consumers, because their opinions and misconceptions are very real. Ultimately, it definitely makes sense to unlearn debilitating concepts and to take risks that others refuse to take, but it does not make sense to do this instead of looking at the environment. Why not do both? In my opinion, their refusal to consider the other methods is just as dangerous as the idea of using only the other methods exclusively. In terms of whether or not the authors convinced me, the answer is â€Å"somewhat†. While their analogies were helpful, none of the examples really proved an instance in which their perspectives worke d better than others; the only examples given listed failures of the other models to work and how these failures could have been prevented or corrected using their model, instead. Understandably, their model has probably not been used by many companies yet, and if so, it probably has not been studied in practice, so these examples were likely difficult to find. Ultimately, my conclusion is that the authors are correct that it is dangerous for a person to become confined by his or her own beliefs to the extent that that person has created an environment in which things can only be done a certain way, and he or she will not consider stepping outside of the box. However, whether accurate or not, consumers do have very real beliefs and behavioral patterns that should not be denied or overlooked for the sake of self-analysis. With regard to what difference this article’s ideas will make to the way I view or practice management, the authors do a good job of emphasizing the importan ce of looking inward first, before blaming outside factors for influence or failure, so this is something I would change or implement. One example of an external environmental factor that came to mind as I was reading this article is the way that â€Å"the economy† has sort of become the buzz word for consumers these days. Everyone uses â€Å"the economy† as the reason for everything, whether or not it has personally affected them. Consumers use

Navy Insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Navy Insurance - Essay Example The recent rise in costs of operating marine trade and business through losses suffered through piracy has necessitated players in the industry of marine business to invest in the piracy insurance policies. According to UNCLOS (United Nations Convention on the law of the Sea), piracy is a multifaceted issue and takes cognition of all illegal act of detention violence as well as depredation that is directed towards ship or persons, or even cargo on board of the ship on the high seas. With the rise in piracy risks in the high seas, the emerging trend has been the insurance brokers offering marine insurance against piracy at very high premiums as compared to other risk premiums in the 21st century marine business. In particular, the premiums on offer depend on the routes of voyage, as the insurers are aware of the most affected regions by piracy such as the east African shores especially within the shoreline of Somali. Besides, the international community has invested notably in deployi ng military personnel to aid in restoring normalcy in the areas facing such challenges of piracy activity though this has had little effect in influencing the premiums concerning insurance against piracy. Nevertheless, an emerging trend reveals efforts by insurance companies to fund operations by specialized naval ships, which are specially designed and made to have the necessary equipments as well as machinery that would be used to escort cargo ships across the piracy risk prone areas at relatively minimal costs.

Effect of Unethical Behavior Article Analysis (ACCOUNTING COURSEWORK) Assignment

Effect of Unethical Behavior Article Analysis (ACCOUNTING COURSEWORK) - Assignment Example Hence, enabling wise investments; this will not only benefit the individual firms but also augment the state’s economic stability. Accounting malpractices presently assume numerous forms that are evident both in the regime’s institutions and in individual corporations. For illustration, inaccurate financial records that result from an intentional manipulation by the responsible individuals (Bisoux, 2005). Since, they do have hidden intentions meant to benefit themselves via presenting false figures that would derail the key organizations’ auditing process. Primarily, these staffs encompass the accountants who are responsible in the daily handling of accounting books. The individuals usually manipulate figures to equal a false amount after colluding with fellow workers and have chopped some amount, hence trying to make a cover up. In some incidents, these malpractices may entail the top officials, but mostly evident amid the middle staffs (Bisoux, 2005). Additionally, the malpractices may entail misusing funds via channeling them in diverse directions to cater for expenses not intended for or inappropriate. For illustration, overspending especially in a venture where the undertakers or those pioneering team would benefit in some way. This deprives the firm the necessary financial resources meant for boosting its sustainability or expansion and instead starts encountering difficulties in its management (Bisoux, 2005). Consequently, this financial misappropriation will indirectly will feature in its accounting standings. This would be via meticulous study by potential investors who will notice the evident misappropriation and decline in investing in it. Since the inception of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, numerous organizations and even regimes have recorded an growth of their economic stability (Bisoux, 2005). This emanates from the accountability, which the act has instilled

The Relationship between Language and Content in Poetry Essay Example for Free

The Relationship between Language and Content in Poetry Essay For this assignment I have selected three poems to analyze the relationship between language and content in poetry. I want toattempt toanalyze the writting styles of three authors, whose work can be found from the book, The Art of Work. The three poems that I have selected are Share Croppers written by Langston Hughes, Factory Worker, written by Jim Daniels, and The Rope, written by Patricia Dobler. These are three poems that caught my eye and I became very interested in. The first poem I read for this assignment was Share-Croppers. This paticular poem seemed to have been written from the viewpoint of a slave who is captioning the hard work that had to be done as a sharecropper. Although this was a very short poem the expression by this author said a lot to capture any readers attention. For example the author gives you a picture as to how the sharecropper was left hungry and ragged afterr plowing away in fields. By reading this poem you are able to identify that Langston Hughes was very concerned about African American life through the use of certain dialect and terms. As you continue to read this poem over and over you are able to come to a conclusion that the era in which this poem was written goes back to a time after emancipation, when many blacks were forced to work as share croppers not being paid a dime,and where under the authority of white farm tenants. In this poem one starts to get a feelof what it was like to be a black share cropper unable to show any remores because this was a daily routine that took a toll over ever sharecropperss daily life. My next poem Factory Jungle seems to have been written from the viewpoint of a factory worker who is trying to enlighten the fact of being a determined ambitious worker, but also as one who is ready to end a long day at work. Just like many other authors. The author Jim Daniels has written a poem that uses many metaphors to paint a picture of a factory that gives off the idea of being a jungle. For example the author say, Id like to climb one of those ropes of light swing around the presses, welders etc. The language used by this author shows us a picture of a factory swinging freely amongst his work not having a care what so ever. These paticular terms of language enables us to get a physical picture of exactly what the factory worker is doing in the factory to change it into a jungle. Everyone understand that there is no way you are able to climb rope of light or even fly out of factory gates. This only catches the readers attention just the poem sharecroppers did. Keeping the same theme and indentifying the factroy as being a jungle, the author also uses a made elephant to represent the largest presses in the plant and allows us to paint another picture showing us the harm that this big machine could cause if fallen on your hand. In this part of the poem we find that the mad elephant allows us to think about how heavy and dangerous things could be when working around heavy machinery in this paticular factory. The author is being very creative throughout this poem, careful not to bore the reader. Jim Daniels used the correlation of swinging through the plant, then rippping off his coveralls, safety glasses, and ear plugs then pounding his chest and yelling like Tarzan. This again gives us that feeling showing us that this factory worker is feeling very free. Yet and still another picture has beenpainted for us. In my final poem that I have selected, I became silightly thrown off as to what this poem was trying to generate to the reader. Unlike the other two poems I used, this poem hardly used any language and dialect to allow the readers attention to be caught at once. As I read over this poem I figured that the viewpoint of this poem had to be written by a man who was dwelling on things that he could not make of life for him or a loved one and those things were haunting him. I came to this conclusion because the author says, Their vocies still wake me as I woke for years with a rise and fall. The author is not specific as to what she wants or doesnt want us to know. This poem does not paint a picture for me letting me feel and realize what exactly is going on. So by reading these three amazing poem we find many authors use some of the same styles, literary techniques and genres to help relate to readers. While other authors may leave you slightly wondering, and can often open your mind to wonder which can be a very positive matter. I personally relate better to readings that paint a picture allowing me to be side by side to what the author has written. Also while reading Ive found that not all poetic techniques were used but all three authors used something to help you understand the readings.

Replica Node Detection using Enhanced Single Hop Detection

Replica Node Detection using Enhanced Single Hop Detection REPLICA NODE DETECTION USING ENHANCED SINGLE HOP DETECTION WITH CLONAL SELECTION ALGORITHM IN MOBILE WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS 1. INTRODUCTION Sensor systems are being theme of enthusiasm among the scholarly community and industry because of those broad variety relevance in different system situations. WSNs comprise of an expansive number of little sensors, generally sent thickly in the objective territory to gather important information [1, 2]. Hubs pertaining to Sensors are asset obliged because of their little dimension plus it restricts the capacity of calculation and correspondence. The most widely recognized utilizations of WSNs incorporate living space checking, fringe watching in military, movement observing, and quiet observing in human services [3, 4]. In MWSNs [5, 6], hubs pertaining to sensor have extra portability capacity to meander inside an objective region. Versatile sensor hubs can give precise information contrasted with static hubs. The sensor quantity needed in MWSNs to cover an allocated region is extremely smaller than static WSNs. By and by, thick sending of portable hubs bolsters high unwavering qua lity and load adjusting. Regardless of all focal points, MWSNs have an exceptionally dynamic system topology because of versatility. Along these lines, the difficulties are duplicated contrasted with their static partners. The real difficulties incorporate correspondence, scope, distributive helpful manage, and safety [7, 8]. Safety has dependably been a basic issue of worry in WSNs [9]. WSN (Remote Sensor Network) contains a gathering of remote sensor hubs that forma correspondence arranges. These hubs gather the touchy data from the area in addition to propel those substance as an information to the foundation location at which it checks the information as well as ID transferred by the hubs pertaining to sensor. These sensor hubs are typically low valued equipment segments with imperatives on reminiscence dimension as well as calculation abilities. The transportable WSNs are like WSN aside from to facilitate the hubs pertaining to sensor are portable in character. The different u tilizations of Mobile WSNs incorporate mechanical autonomy, transportation framework, reconnaissance, and following. Analysts center to incorporate Mobile WSNs into the (Internet of Things) IoT [10]. Nonetheless, an immense measure of safety problem emerges as assaults because of absence of equipment support and shaky sensor hubs. One such assault is the hub replication assault. In sensor systems, aggressors catch and trade off hubs to infuse fake information into the system that influence the system correspondence plus functions. Such kind of assault has been recognized as reproduction hub assault [11]. The foe catches mystery inputs as of the traded off hubs also distributes those in terms of reproductions in the system. Reproductions have been imitated as legit via the nearby hubs plus typical hubs dont know about imitations send signals such as its nearby hubs. It likewise connives and goes about as honest to goodness hub that gives immovability to the system. The copy hubs have been managed by the foe. The issue is the reproduction hubs likewise hold the input which has been needed for safe correspondence in the system. Notwithstanding these issues, versatility of hubs, the plot of imitation, and sideway assaults are the principle trouble while distinguishing plus managing those copy hubs. At the point when the reproductions are not distinguished, then the system will be interested in aggressors and the system turns out to be more powerless. The recognition of copy hub in the Mobile WSNs has been a significant undertaking. In this way, just few location plans are being suggested [12]. Since the enemy appropriates imitation hubs wherever in the system, the versatility helped recognition plan has been needed to distinguish the copies in the system. In the prior works, versatility helped system, (Single Hop Detection) SHD, was proposed. In Single Hop Detection, every hub communicates its area maintain to its solitary jump neighbors and chooses the witness hu b.[13] The chose witness hub recognizes reproductions by playing out the confirmation procedure. Subsequently, it lessens correspondence overhead. Notwithstanding, when the reproductions plot by means of every additional, they select imitation as an observer hub. Consequently, the recognition exactness has been less. The primary target pertaining to the suggested study has been to enhance the location exactness through the selection of the suitable witness hub with decreased overheads amid the discovery of copy hubs in the portable remote sensor systems. To congregate the goal, SHD is improved utilizing the AIS. Counterfeit Immune System (AIS) is a division of Artificial Intelligence in view of the standards of (HIS) Human Immune System. It gives different answers for this present reality issues because of its trademark highlights. The trademark highlights incorporate learning capacity to the novel circumstances, flexibility and dispersed personality to the various environment, rest ricted assets, as well as the ability to survive still in the brutal situations.[14] The upgrade of Single Hop Detection with AIS enhances the discovery precision. The commitment behind the research study tries to incorporate the upgrade of the SHD technique through application of the Clonal assortment calculation to select the observer hubs which has been a different commitment. Because of this, the discovery proportion is expanded through the selection of proper witness hubs and accordingly, the reproduction hub location handle causes least manage overheads. 2. MOTIVATION OF THE PROJECT Safety of Mobile WSNs is an indispensable test. One has been the hub replication assault, having a similar character of the caught hub, and the foe conveys an eccentric number of copies all through the system. Henceforth copy hub recognition is an imperative test With little exertion, a foe may catches, examinations, and repeats those of them as well as embed these copies at various areas inside the systems. Such assault may have a few results and may degenerate system information or critical divisions pertaining to the system. Existing strategies acquire manage overheads plus the discovery exactness has been little at which the copy is chosen in the form of an observer hub. The present study tries to suggest with regard to the improving of the SHD (Single Hop Detection) technique utilizing the Clonal assortment calculation to distinguish the duplicate through choosing the appropriate observer hubs. The benefits of the suggested strategy incorporate (i) increment in the identificatio n proportion, (ii) Decline in the management overhead, plus (iii) increment in throughput. The discovery rate likelihood alludes to location of the threat assault in a constrained era. The likelihood of recognition periods demonstrates that proposed technique distinguished the imitations in brisk, compelling and productive way. Something else, there could be a plausibility that an aggressor can exploit the late recognition to catch the entire correspondence. Vitality is likewise an essential parameter in reproduction location in light of the fact that an aggressor needs high vitality to screen the entire system. So also, the vitality of the portable hub ought to be effective to play out the recognition and alleviation handle for replication assaults. The likelihood of vitality that portable hub devours in the distribution plus getting messages by versatile hubs. The correspondence cost for discovery imitations ought to be attractive and high. Each versatile hub needs to amass the da ta, check and direct the examination for clones assaults identification (i.e., if similar hub character has been found). The recognition system ought to have high genuine optimistic speed (replica hubs are identified effectively) as well as the less untrue optimistic speed (typical hub is blamed as a replica). The execution of pertaining to the suggested study is measured utilizing identification proportion, false recognition proportion, parcel conveyance proportion, normal postponement, management overheads as well as throughput. The execution is done utilizing ns-2 to display the reality of the suggested study. 3. RELATED WORK The identification plans intended for still WSNs have not been material to MWSNs because of element system topology. An identification component in MWSNs should consider the portability of a hub with a specific end goal to distinguish copy [15]. The reproduction discovery instruments in MWSNs likewise stated in the writing are depicted underneath. The identification plans UTLSE (Unary-Time-Location Storage and Exchange) and MTLSD (Multi-Time-Location Storage and Diffusion) suggested [16] receive time-area guarantee approach. Every hub in Unary-Time-Location Storage and Exchange and Multi-Time-Location Storage and Diffusion saves various occurrences of time-area maintain of the followed hubs. With the gathering, of the time-area plans are traded flanked by two trackers to confirm the possibility of area cases. At the point when a contention emerges in the time-area confirmation procedure of a hub, it is distinguished as reproduction. A location conspire utilizing hubs pace has been su ggested [17]. The plan utilizes SPRT (Sequential Probability Ratio Test) to register hubs speed. At the point when a hub touches base at another area, it communicates now is the ideal time area state to the nearby hubs. Neighbors forward the got maintain to BS following effectively confirming the realness of the communication. The BS is in charge of social event time-area cases of the hubs plus evaluates their speed. A hub possessing the pace that is greater when compared to it has already defined with a pace cutoff is identified as reproduction through the BS. A pair wise key foundation procedure to recognize presence of reproduction is displayed [18]. The aggregate quantity pertaining to the pairwise keys set up by a hub is put away utilizing Counting Bloom channel. The tally of total keys in numbers built up is intermittently transferred to the BS viaevery hub. The got Counting Bloom channels are redesigned at BS for every hub in the system. At the point when the quantity of keys built up for a hub surpasses the predefined edge esteem, the hub is distinguished as copy by the BS. A solitary bounce based reproduction location plan has been suggested [19]. In the present work of the researchers, the observershub determination strategy for single-bounce imitation discovery is enhanced by utilizing clonal choice calculation. The best reasonable observer for a hub in its single-bounce neighbor is chosen utilizing the clonal choice calculation. The area unique finger impression sharing and confirmation strategy is utilized to recognize reproduction. The (Extremely Efficient Detection) XED plus EDD (Efficient Distributed Detection) plans have been suggested [20]. The recognition of copy in XED is based upon the trading of an irregular number between every combine of hubs, which is additionally called a test. At the point when a similar match of hubs gets together at a later purpose pertaining to the time, the test check has been executed. A hub that comes up short the test check process is recognized as a reproduction. In the Efficient Distributed Detection, a reproduction is identified in light of the tally pertaining to the quantity of gatherings between a couple of hubs. In the event that the quantity of gatherings of a hub over a period interim surpasses the predefined edge, after that it is recognized as copy. In the identification plans, the imitations are recognized through the BS. In these plans, BS is overloaded with calculation and reproduction discovery undertakings. There is likewise an extra in the clouds within the system for imparting between every one of the hubs and the BS. The XED component is not versatile to taking of test from a caught hub. In EDD plot, the execution of identification component relies on upon the quantity of gatherings edge, which is hard to assess in MWSNs. This has been on the grounds that the quantity of gatherings with a hub over a period interim relies on upon the system measure, the range of organiz ation, hubs pace, plus the versatility replica of the hubs. It alters with the variety of some of these constraints in the system. For instance, if the system size is expanded, then the quantity of gatherings with a specific hub diminishes, as prob 1/arrange measure. Assessing an edge upon the quantity of gatherings with a hub in the absence of taking into consideration the variety of the previously mentioned parameters may bring about false recognition. In the plan suggested [21], the imitation is recognized exclusively in light of a solitary instance of contention with the deliberate pace. The pace is registered utilizing the Euclidean separation between reported areas of a hub over a period interim. This might not register the real pace of a hub in the system with irregular waypoint portability demonstrate. At the point when a hub moves quicker by altering the course as often as possible, it never takes after a straight way. In addition, since the areas of copy and the first hub are utilized to gauge the straying velocity, the enemy may convey the reproductions to draw inside nearer buildings of the first hub to maintain the deliberate speed inside the acknowledged assortment. In the plan suggested , the area unique mark system is not reasonable for MWSN, because of the lively topography of the system. Also, choice of a solitary witness hub may prompt to low imitation recognition likelihood, at which the nearby hubs are every now and again changing after some time. The copy discovery process ought not choose in light of one time clashing conduct of a hub and its imitation while utilizing the parameters, for example, pace as well as the quantity of gatherings, yet rather conduct ought to be seen over various time interims display the (XED) eXtremely Efficienty Detection technique. This is an appropriated recognition calculation for versatile systems where the discovery depends upon the information traded between the hubs in the system. It recognizes the rep roduction in view of the arbitrary number traded among one another pertaining to the two hubs. The recognition capacity is debased when the copies trade the correct arbitrary esteem. [22] Suggested SHD (Single Hop Detection) technique. It is a versatility helped based ispersed recognition technique. In SHD technique, when a hub shows up at various neighborhood group, imitation is identified. This strategy enhances the correspondence overhead. 4. PROPOSED WORK The suggested upgraded SHD technique makes utilization of the Clonal determination calculation for the improvement. The improved SHD is like SHD with the exception of that the choice of witness hubs is finished through the Clonal assortment calculation. The suggested CSSHD like SHD comprises of unique mark claim and unique finger impression check stages. In the unique mark assert stage, the unique finger impression of the hubs neighbors is traded between the one-jump neighborhoods. The determination of witness hub is based upon the choice of lymphocytes at large in the Clonal collection calculation. The hub which has been most extreme capacity to forward information is chosen as witness hub. The greatest capacity of the observer hub is dictated by its sending ability. The sending capacity is controlled through the faith estimation of the hub. The trust esteem is ascertained in view of the information bundle sending proportion (DFR) as well as the manage parcel sending proportion (PFR ). The suggested CSSHD strategy aids in choosing the suitable witness hub. Consequently, the recognition exactness can be enhanced by distinguishing the copies with least control overheads. Amid experimentation, the attributes of every hub in the system and its execution are investigated utilizing the suggested CSSHD technique. The proposed philosophy is tried utilizing NS-2 test system, which is basic and surely understood system test system apparatus. The adaptation pertaining to NS-2 has been ns-This device is for the most part utilized as a part of the recreation region of MANET, remote sensor system, VANET, et cetera. Amid the reproduction time, the insights are gathered. The insights incorporates information parcels got, control bundles created, sent parcels, aggregate of all parcels delay, add up to number of got bundles, add up to number of reproduction hubs accurately discovered, add up to bytes got every second and aggregate quantity of kilobytes. Utilizing the above measu rements, the accompanying measurements are characterized: (i) Packet conveyance proportion, (ii) Control overhead, (iii) Standard postponement, (iv) Communication fall (v) Throughput, (vi) Discovery proportion, (vii) False caution rate, The execution pertaining to the suggested strategy is assessed as far as the given factors. The suggested study tries to improve its execution in every one of the measurements; especially, the discovery proportion is enhanced much superior to the current technique. 5. CONCLUSION In versatile WSN, hub replication assault is an essential one. The different reproduction recognition techniques are data traded based identification, hub meeting based location, and the portability based discovery. Of all the above mentioned three copy recognition techniques, the suggested study focuses on the versatility helped based location strategy.. The planned study upgrades the SHD strategy utilizing Clonal Selection calculation of AIS to enhance the recognition proportion through the choice of the good eyewitness hub. The suggested CSSHD strategy is utilized as a part of a completely appropriated environment where correspondence happens among single jump neighbors, exceedingly solid against hub plot and effective in securing against different copy hubs. The test is directed utilizing the ns-2 test system. The proposed technique is being great throughput, little above head and less untrue caution rate. The aftereffects pertaining to the suggested approach are contrasted and e xisting technique which demonstrates that the normal deferral, manage in the clouds, and communication drop have been minimized with higher bundle conveyance ortion esteem and higher recognition proportion. This demonstrates the proposed technique is proficient towards identifying duplicates which have been not flexible against deceitful reproductions with least control REFERENCE M. Carlos-Mancilla, E. LÂÂ ´opez-Mellado, and M. Siller (2016) , Wireless sensor networks formation: approaches and techniques, Journal of Sensors, vol. 2016,Article ID 2081902, 18 pages. S. Tanwar, N. Kumar, and J. J. P. C. Rodrigues (2015.) , A systematic review on heterogeneous routing protocols for wireless sensor network, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 53, pp. 39-56. A. Hadjidj, M. Souil, A. Bouabdallah, Y. Challal, and H. Owen (2013) , Wireless sensor networks for rehabilitation applications: challenges and opportunities, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 1-15. K. Sohraby, D. Minoli, and T. Znati (2007) , Wireless Sensor Networks Technology, Protocols, and Applications , John Wiley Sons ,New York, NY, USA. J. Rezazadeh, M. Moradi, and S. A. Ismail (2012) , Mobile wireless sensor networks overview, International Journal of Computer Communications and Networks, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 17-22. I. Amundson and X. D. Koutsoukos (2009) , A survey on localization for mobile wireless sensor networks, in Mobile Entity Localization and Tracking in GPS-less Environnments: Second International Workshop, MELT , Orlando, FL, USA, September 30, 2009. Proceedings, vol. 5801 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 235-254, Springer, Berlin, Germany. Y. Yu, K. Li, W. Zhou, and P. Li (2012) , Trust mechanisms in wireless sensor networks: attack analysis and countermeasures, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 867-880. C. Zhu, L. Shu, T. Hara, L.Wang, S. Nishio, and L. T. Yang (2011) , A survey on communication and data management issues in mobile sensor networks, Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 12, no. 16, pp. 1-18. S. Md Zin, N. Badrul Anuar, M. Laiha Mat Kiah, and A.-S. Khan Pathan (2014), Routing protocol design for secureWSN: review and open research issues, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 517-530. C. P. Mayer (2009) , Security and privacy challenges in the internet of things, Electronic Communications of the EASST, vol. 17, pp. 1- 12. B. Parno, A. Perrig, and V. D. Gligor (2005) , Distributed detection of node replication attacks in sensor networks, in Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, pp. 49-63, IEEE, May. J.-W.Ho, D. Liu, M. Wright, and S. K. Das (2009), Distributed detection of replica node attacks with group deployment knowledge in wireless sensor networks, Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 1476-1488. C.-M. Yu, Y.-T. Tsou, C.-S. Lu, and S.-Y. Kuo (2013) , Localized algorithms for detection of node replication attacks in mobile sensor networks, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 754-768. B. Zhu, V. G. K. Addada, S. Setia, S. Jajodia, and S. Roy (2007) , Efficient distributed detection of node replication attacks in sensor networks, in Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC 07), pp. 257-266, IEEE, Miami Beach, Fla, USA, December. J.-W. Ho, M. Wright, and S. K. Das (2011) , Fast detection of mobile replica node attacks in wireless sensor networks using sequential hypothesis testing, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 767-782. X. Deng, Y. Xiong, and D. Chen (2010) , Mobility-assisted detection of the replication attacks in mobile wireless sensor networks, in Proceedings of the 6th Annual IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob 10), pp. 225-232, October. H. R. Shaukat, F. Hashim, A. Sali, and M. F. Abdul Rasid (2014) , Node replication attacks in mobile wireless sensor network: a survey, International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, vol. 10, no. 12, Article ID 402541, pp. 1-15. X.-M. Deng and Y. Xiong (2011), A new protocol for the detection of node replication attacks in mobile wireless sensor networks, Journal of Computer Science and Technology, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 732-743. L. S. Sindhuja and G. Padmavathi (2016) , Replica node detection using enhanced single hop detection with clonal selection algorithm in mobile wireless sensor networks, Journal of Computer Networks and Communications, vol. 2016,Article ID 1620343, 13 pages. C.-M. Yu, C.-S. Lu, and S.-Y. Kuo (2008), Mobile sensor network resilient against node replication attacks, in Proceedings of the 5th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON 08), pp. 597-599, San Francisco, Calif, USA, June. C.-M. Yu, Y.-T. Tsou, C.-S. Lu, and S.-Y. Kuo (2013) , Localized algorithms for detection of node replication attacks in mobile sensor networks, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 754-768. Y. Lou, Y. Zhang, and S. Liu (2012) , Single hop detection of node clone attacks inmobilewireless sensor networks, in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Information and Electronics Engineering (IWIEE 12), pp. 2798-2803, Harbin, China, March.

The Wife of Bath as a Feminist Essay -- The Wife of Bath Essays

The Wife of Bath’s Tale features a character that seemed to resemble a feminist. But in Chaucer’s time, feminism was thought to be abnormal and the pilgrims reacted negatively towards her for it, but The Wife of Bath had no shame about displaying herself as she really was. She was not ashamed of the fact that she had been married five times, and was about to marry again and she hid nothing. The prologue of this tale showed that the Wife of Bath was not seen as an upstanding woman, nor did she desire to be seen as one. She portrayed feminism, almost as soon as she began speaking in the prologue, she explained that she had gone through five husbands, and she was on the look out for a sixth. She also admitted that she married for money: "I’ll tell the truth. Those husbands I had, three of them were good and two of them bad. The three I call â€Å"good† were rich and old. They could indeed with difficulty hold the articles that bound them all to me† (Bath 263). She even went to the point of saying that she didn’t value her husbands’ love. Then again, why should she? She received what she wanted which was money, control, and anything that she desired, they provided. The Wife of Bath thought that all women needed to be the controlling factors in marriage. That is how she believed she would gain her husbands’ money. She claimed that if women can’t marry for money, they must marry for sex, for those are the only two things that really matter. Women must have control of their husbands, according to the Wife, and she is proud of the fact that she governed her husbands. If she had to put them in their place, she would make her husbands feel guilty, even if they had nothing to feel guilty about. The Wife exaggerated with her accusations, showin... ...raitor, you say she’s game for any fornicator.† (Bath 265). The wife wanted what every woman wants in a relationship which was POWER. The Wife of Bath came across as a very fake woman. So how would she be portrayed in today’s society? There are plenty of women out there who marry for money. Some of them like to publicize it, while others do not. There is only one thing that would make The Wife of Bath not as successful today, which is the law. Most men who do come from money, or have earned their own wealth, watch it closely. There are protectors out there, and contracts such as a pre-nuptial agreement. But The Wife played it well as she would wait until the husband would die. In that case, she would gain his wealth. But in my opinion, I have a hard time thinking that a man would stick around with an ugly old woman that liked to beat him and never honor his love. The Wife of Bath as a Feminist Essay -- The Wife of Bath Essays The Wife of Bath’s Tale features a character that seemed to resemble a feminist. But in Chaucer’s time, feminism was thought to be abnormal and the pilgrims reacted negatively towards her for it, but The Wife of Bath had no shame about displaying herself as she really was. She was not ashamed of the fact that she had been married five times, and was about to marry again and she hid nothing. The prologue of this tale showed that the Wife of Bath was not seen as an upstanding woman, nor did she desire to be seen as one. She portrayed feminism, almost as soon as she began speaking in the prologue, she explained that she had gone through five husbands, and she was on the look out for a sixth. She also admitted that she married for money: "I’ll tell the truth. Those husbands I had, three of them were good and two of them bad. The three I call â€Å"good† were rich and old. They could indeed with difficulty hold the articles that bound them all to me† (Bath 263). She even went to the point of saying that she didn’t value her husbands’ love. Then again, why should she? She received what she wanted which was money, control, and anything that she desired, they provided. The Wife of Bath thought that all women needed to be the controlling factors in marriage. That is how she believed she would gain her husbands’ money. She claimed that if women can’t marry for money, they must marry for sex, for those are the only two things that really matter. Women must have control of their husbands, according to the Wife, and she is proud of the fact that she governed her husbands. If she had to put them in their place, she would make her husbands feel guilty, even if they had nothing to feel guilty about. The Wife exaggerated with her accusations, showin... ...raitor, you say she’s game for any fornicator.† (Bath 265). The wife wanted what every woman wants in a relationship which was POWER. The Wife of Bath came across as a very fake woman. So how would she be portrayed in today’s society? There are plenty of women out there who marry for money. Some of them like to publicize it, while others do not. There is only one thing that would make The Wife of Bath not as successful today, which is the law. Most men who do come from money, or have earned their own wealth, watch it closely. There are protectors out there, and contracts such as a pre-nuptial agreement. But The Wife played it well as she would wait until the husband would die. In that case, she would gain his wealth. But in my opinion, I have a hard time thinking that a man would stick around with an ugly old woman that liked to beat him and never honor his love.

McLean vs Arkansas Essay -- Creationism Creation Science

Science is a word that carries with it many meanings - knowledge, truth, a process of examination. But when it comes to setting a clear definition of the term, difficulties arise. Certainly physics is science, and theology isn't. But many disciplines are less intuitively dichotomized, such as the fields of psychology, history, ethics, and many others. Are these sciences? And while it may at first seem like a rather irrelevant issue only for lexicographers and philosophers, in fact the distinction between what is science and what is not is of great importance to society - for in the formation of the public school curriculum, the distinction between science, which must be taught, and religion, which must not be, is essential to keeping education both factual, up-to-date, and constitutional. The 1982 court case McLean vs. Arkansas put in the public spotlight just how important drawing the distinction is. In what has become a landmark case in the creation/evolution legal debate, the Arkansas legislature passed without debate a bill mandating that the state redraw its science education standards so to include in the state's public high school curricula the body of ideas known as "creationism" - the notion that Earth and its inhabitant life forms were formed in the same forms as they are seen today - alongside evolution - the mainstream view of biologists holding that life developed and diversified gradually over millions of successive generations. The concept of creationism has a strong religious history and very deep religious overtones, and the constitutionality of teaching the subject in a public school immediately was questioned. Called to preside over the resulting legal case was U.S. District Judge William Overton. Thu... ...of testability is unclear and the incorporation of unobserved elements is not unique to creationism, so this in and of itself is not a reason to exclude it from a curriculum - and as previously mentioned Darwin considered the two models of creation and evolution on equal scientific grounds in his arguments. Instead, creationism fails on account of the evidence against it. So in the end, while Overton's attempt to determine essential characteristics of science does not stand up to philosophical scrutiny, his decision was correct: creationism is not part of modern science, and does not belong in the modern classroom. Works Cited Gould, Stephen Jay. The Mismeasure of Man. W. W. Norton and Co.: New York, 1996. Kleppner, Daniel and Robert Kolenkow. An Introduction to Mechanics. McGraw-Hill, Inc: Boston, 1973. McLean v. Arkansas, US District Court. 1982.

Best Man Wedding Speech -- Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Best Man Wedding Speech This is the first time Kevin's ever brought me dinner and I?m too nervous to eat it. For those of you who don't know me, I'm Kevin's younger brother and my full name is Bobby What are you drinking, so if you see me at the bar later don't hesitate to call me by my full name. Unfortunately every silver lining does have A cloud, and that is that you've all got to listen to me for the next 5 minutes. I'd just like to thank Kevin on behalf of the bridesmaids for his kind words I think you will all agree that they have done a fantastic job today and look absolutely beautiful. I'd also like to thank everyone for coming today to celebrate the marriage of Kevin and Lisa. Personally I wish you'd all stayed at home so I didn't have to do this!! First of all, I want to say a little bit about being the best man. I feel the title "best man" says a bit too much. The way I see it, if I am the best man, what the hell is Lisa doing with Kevin? So, I think I will be happy just saying that I'm a pretty good man, And Kevin can be the best man tonight. Actually, being the best man is an awesome responsibility and one that I don't take lightly. In life you can count your true friends on one hand, these being people who will be there in your hour of need. I remember when my hair starting falling out, Kevin was there kindly rubbing Immac into my head, when I lost my job, Kevin was there and ... ... it gives me immense pleasure (not to mention relief) to invite you all to stand and raise your glasses in a toast for Kevin and Lisa, Mr. and Mrs. xxxx no less, We wish them well for the future, and hope they enjoy a long, happy, and fruitful marriage. Kevin and Lisa. And while you're all standing I've just got a few last things to say... Kevin, you have been a great friend and a great brother and it has been an honor to be here today. You've made me an Uncle, You've made you're best man and if you can make me half the man you are today I wont go far wrong. I can honestly say for the second time in m y life I am truly jealous of you and I wish yourself Lisa and charlotte the very best for the future.

Managing A Business Event Essay

Event organisers are in charge of all parts of an event. They co-ordinate all aspects, from the beginning right through to the end, overseeing all the details and ensuring everything gets completed on time and on budget. While there is a great variety between the different types of events and the different tasks an event organiser will need to do, there are some parts which are almost always the same. Venue/Location The location or locations are very important for different kind of events, the actual event interprets the location which goes with it for example a football match in the world cup will require a 30,000 allocation plus depending on which team is playing. When Brazil is playing for example then they will need a 50,000 or even 60,000 plus seater stadium. It is important that the right stadium catered for the right people because they could be losing money if there are lots of unsold tickets. They have to make sure that there is enough leg room and room for people to pass through without making others move form their seat, they also have to cater for upper class to make sure they get the quality which they want. Catering For the world cup there has to be tons of food outlets both inside and outside the ground so they not only cater for everyone their but they cater for all their needs whatever they may be such as vegetarian or gluten free and other different eating habits. They have to have 10’s of thousands of burgers hotdogs batches of chips which are most commonly found in football stadiums around the world. They have to make sure they have enough food to last the big rush of customers which often come before half time or on half time because if they queue up for over 10/20 minutes and they don’t get the food they will be annoyed and they would also would miss the first 5 minutes of the first half. The speed of the delivery has to be very fast to get 100’s of customers with their food and drink and out as soon as they can their will be around a 25 minute gap to do this before the second half starts. Finally drinks have to be provided and both alcoholic and non-alcoholic must b e served to cater for young and old. Planning and  reserving facilities Facilities which need to be reserved and booked in advance are things like burger vans and drinks vending machines all these will have to be booked or bought in advance. Referees will have to be contacted prior to the world cup to make sure that they are okay to referee the in the games. Obviously the main important thing which needs to be free and ready to use is the various number of stadiums and to make sure that they’re not being used for another other reason. The car spaces will have to be planned and also bus routes to make transport quick easy and efficient for travelling fans and teams from hotels. Setting up The set up for the world cup started as soon as Brazil was announced as the hosts for the tournament. The first things which were set up were the plans of stadiums and thee transport links such as the numerous shuttle busses. Another first initial set up is to make sure it is safe for all fans and players so the Brazilian government have ordered army troops into the favelas of Brazil which are situated near the grounds, so the first few steps were to make sure transport links were designed as well as new pitches and also the security was put in place to calm down hot spots of violence around the city. Accommodation is another vital thing for the world cup because there will be 10’s of thousands of supporters going to the world cup so they need to make sure there is enough places for people to stay for the appropriate time failure to do this will have people sleeping on the streets which could cause turmoil in the streets, like thieving for example. Programme The programme for the world cup is made a few months in advance because people need to know when to book flights there and back so they know when the game is and how many games they can afford to stay for depending how large the gap is between the two games this is important to be released fairly early so supporters know when to book time off work and how many days they are. Preparing and distributing supporting documents For the world cup this is sending additional information to the buyers and  telling them things like transport links accommodation and also things like sending over the tickets which ay when the game is and what time it kicks offs these will be sent to the buyers house prior to the world cup so they can understand where to go and what to do nearer the time. Organisational procedures These things are like how many people the stadium fits and how many people are allocated to be in line waiting in the queue this is so that there won’t be any safety hazards such as getting injured via pushing and shoving in the queue. Another organisational procedures are the set times which the teams are lined up to play such as making sure that no games clash and they ar4e all at different times. Legal requirements Some of the legal requirements include: making sure no vandalism is done to the ground as the buyer has agreed to this once purchasing the ticket another requirement is that the people selling things around the ground that they stay in their agreed place and don’t move over into other sellers zones this could cause violence as another is acting upon another location. So the sellers agree to stay in their assign place. The standard football match agreement is also in place in the world cup which is no racist or violent behaviour towards players or the opposition’s fans. Limits of role As an event organiser it is important that they don’t do all the work and that they share the work load to other people who specialise in different areas such as giving the food responsibility to people who know what the fans want and what the number of items of food per match needs to be ordered. So it is important that the event organiser is able to dish jobs out however must keep an eye on what’s happening and making sure that the jobs are being done correctly by the other people who have been asked of the organiser. I is important to make sure that the organiser keeps an eye out on the other because they need to know if they’re on course to finish the job on time and to the best possible standard in which they can possibly do An event organiser needs the following skills to do their job effectively: Communication and interpersonal skills- This is critical to have as an organiser because they need to do a lot of telling people what to do and where to go. They need to be able to communicated with all sorts of working varying from business wear to builders to make sure that they are doing their jobs and to make sure that they’re on schedule. Time management- It is important for an event organiser to have good time management because they have a number of different things going on all the time and they have got to make sure each one is finished on schedule to make sure everything will be finished on time and so everything runs smoothly. Good time management means the organiser can go to different people instead of focusing on one person and making sure everyone is on track and not just focus on one person that’s working behind. Problem solving – It is important that the event planner has the ability to solve problems that may occur and may not be planned such as at the world cup a referee being ill this can easily be avoided by the getting a back up referee which is either the four official or sometimes the fifth so they can swap for the ref. Failure to have either of these can result in the game being cancelled or abandoned which will lose money to their economy and also it may cause problems for the travelling fans because they may have booked a flight when the game is next to be rescheduled . So it is important that the planner is ready to prepare for the worse and has ways of avoiding the situation. Negotiating- To keep within the events budget the organiser will be forced to negotiate to keep within the budget, so for the world cup he would of have to of negotiated with contractors and builders and manual labourers, the organiser would of tried to get the lowest price possible to get the stadium built to a high standard and as quick as they can. Negotiating for event organiser is vital to keep within budgets and saves the buyers money which would make the organiser highly recommendable to other people seeking a event organiser. Planning – The event planner will have to be able to plan long, short and medium situations for example a long term plan is planning where the stadiums are going to be built and how large of a capacity it is going to be, this will take a long time to both think about and also it will take even longer to execute an example of a medium term planning is things like what referees will be appointed to which games and also when the games will take place and at what times they kick off and finally short term would be what food and drinks are  too be sold. An event organiser has to be able to plan all three types and manage the time between planning them efficiently. Resource management- The event planner must make sure that there is enough food and drink for each and every stadium for each game failure to do so will cause the fans to grow inpatient and will prevent buying products I future games and may bring their own food which would lose money. Also they need to make sure that there’s not only enough food and drink but that there’s a wide range of options to chose from so the customers are kept happy by the wide selection of service. Monitoring- Because an event planner can’t do all the jobs they have to be able to keep monitoring and checking up on the people who are doing the more complex and longer jobs to make sure that they’re keeping up and schedule and not slowing anything down. They also have to be very supportive to try and motivate the workers to try and finish early. Evaluating- The event planner has to have a bench mark so that he can see if the job has been done below or above expectation, this is so the person can readjust things if they are up to the standards which they have without a good evaluation the jobs could be done below par and thus upsetting customers which aren’t getting the service which they have paid to get

Was Germany responsible for the Outbreak of WW1?

There is much evidence to suggest that German Aggression was responsible for the outbreak of a general European war in August 1914. Both Sources 1 and 2 play on the idea that both the Kaiser and Bethmann Hollweg used its foreign policies to create tension within Europe which consequently led to a European war. Source 1 argues ‘Germany’s foreign policy aims were focused on annexation, and that she went to was to achieve these aims’ highlighting the forceful nature which Germany could have possessed in this era.However, Source 3 argues that infact the growing tension in Europe arguably led Germany to fight a defensive war and that it was infact Britain, Russia and France through Germany’s fear of invasion who stimulated the war; ‘The British were determined to maintain their naval superiority, whatever the financial and political cost’. This leads to the judgement that although there is some evidence to suggest that Germany did fight a defensive war to some extent, overall German aggression did lead to the outbreak of a general European war.Firstly, the idea that Germany did fight an aggressive war can be seen through Germany’s increasing desire for European Hegemony. The fact that Germany was slowly but surly disabling European peace in its quest for Weltpolitik shows how Germany were looking for confrontation. The Moroccan Crisis’ of 1905-11 highlights the Kaiser’s desire to expand the German empire into other continents as well as just Europe. The consequences of this crisis furthermore increased the bitterness between the Germans and the French; showing how the idea of Weltpolitik played a large part in the why Germany had an aggressive attitude to war.Both Source 1 and 2 follow the line of argument that the aggression had led to war, and that ‘Germanys foreign policy aims were focused on annexation, and that she went to war to achieve these aims’ shows that Germany had had every intent ion to go to war. That, in conclusion with the latter emergence of the Schlieffen plan suggests how Germany were prepared to go to war highlighting that the idea they were fighting an defensive war could be hard to believe. Source 2 furthermore states that Was Germany responsible for the Outbreak of WW1? There is much evidence to suggest that German Aggression was responsible for the outbreak of a general European war in August 1914. Both Sources 1 and 2 play on the idea that both the Kaiser and Bethmann Hollweg used its foreign policies to create tension within Europe which consequently led to a European war. Source 1 argues ‘Germany’s foreign policy aims were focused on annexation, and that she went to was to achieve these aims’ highlighting the forceful nature which Germany could have possessed in this era.However, Source 3 argues that infact the growing tension in Europe arguably led Germany to fight a defensive war and that it was infact Britain, Russia and France through Germany’s fear of invasion who stimulated the war; ‘The British were determined to maintain their naval superiority, whatever the financial and political cost’. This leads to the judgement that although there is some evidence to suggest that Germany did fight a defensive war to some extent, overall German aggression did lead to the outbreak of a general European war.Firstly, the idea that Germany did fight an aggressive war can be seen through Germany’s increasing desire for European Hegemony. The fact that Germany was slowly but surly disabling European peace in its quest for Weltpolitik shows how Germany were looking for confrontation. The Moroccan Crisis’ of 1905-11 highlights the Kaiser’s desire to expand the German empire into other continents as well as just Europe. The consequences of this crisis furthermore increased the bitterness between the Germans and the French; showing how the idea of Weltpolitik played a large part in the why Germany had an aggressive attitude to war.Both Source 1 and 2 follow the line of argument that the aggression had led to war, and that ‘Germanys foreign policy aims were focused on annexation, and that she went to war to achieve these aims’ shows that Germany had had every intent ion to go to war. That, in conclusion with the latter emergence of the Schlieffen plan suggests how Germany were prepared to go to war highlighting that the idea they were fighting an defensive war could be hard to believe. Source 2 furthermore states that

Camels – Adaptations to Extreme Environments

The Camel: How it has Adapted Organisms exist in many environments, some are arid, some flooded, some are basic, some acidic, some are hot, and some are cool. Regardless of the conditions, animals have adapted themselves to survive in their surroundings. One of the main ecosystems that is classed as an extreme environment is the desert ecosystem. A classic example of a desert is the Sahara. Aridity is a characteristic shared amongst all deserts. As reported by Smith (2013), the reason most deserts are arid is because of uneven levels of evapotranspiration and precipitation.Aswel as adapting to very dry conditions, organisms in a desert ecosystem have also adapted to hot temperatures. The temperatures range from as high as 40oC during the day to as low as below freezing during the night due to lack of cloud cover. Evolution: As wrote by Long & Savage (1986) in the late Eocene period and to the end of Miocene, camels evolved and diversified solely in North America. During this time the y were similar in size to rabbits, and their feet contained four toes. In Oligocene times, camels were similar in size to goats, with the lost of the lateral toes, with the remaining digits showing signs of evolution.During the Miocene time, camels adapted a new of walking, it is know as pacing gait. This is where the camel moved both left or both right legs in one movement, instead of opposite legs. During this time camels feet produced pad like structures, which helped them from sinking in soft terrain i. e sand. Then they arrived in South America during the Plio-Pleistocene times. This is where they diversified into 2 more genus under Camelinae family of the more known species, llama and alpaca, and 2 less known, guanaco and vicuna.As this happened, they crossed into the ‘Old World', where they then spread across Europe, Asia and Africa, this is where they branched out into the ‘single humped' Camelus Dromedarius, and ‘double humped' Camelus Bactrianus. Characte ristics of Camelus Dromedarius: An animal that has adapted well to this environment is the Camelus Dromedarius. Wilson (1984) as cited by Kohler-Rollefson (1991) describes the features of the camels body. Dromedary camels have a shoulder height of at least 1. 8m, with the hump extending a further 20cm. They can weights upwards of 400kg.Dromedary camels have a long upward curved neck, with a single hump on it's back. This is all supported by their long, strong legs and wide webbed feet. Body Temperature / Water Conservation: In the desert temperatures fluctuate. On average, a dehydrated camels body temperature fluctuates by up to 8oC in a single day, it can increase from an average of 34-36 to 42oC. There is less of a fluctuation if the camel is hydrated (2oC). If camels did not tolerate this fluctuation in temperature and instead tried to keep the body cool, up to 5 litres of water could be lost due to sweating.This allows the camel to conserve water and energy. The camel then takes advantage of the cool evenings to dissipate heat, with no energy cost. Camels, like all other mammals do sweat to maintain an acceptable temperature, however, it is not continuous. (Mares, 1999). Composition of Camel's Hump: Mares (1999), reports that a common misconception associated with camels is that their hump is composed of water, this has been disproven, and instead replaced with the fact this it is fat. Another common misconception associated with a camels hump is that water is produced by the oxidation of fat.This is has been proven to be false, or at least, partially untrue as the oxidation of fat requires an increased oxygen intake, this results in an increased rate of breathing, which increases the amount of water lost as vapour from the lungs. This nullifies the effect of the metabolized fat, yielding no net gain in water. As previously discussed, camels have adapted to keep their bodies cool, without sacrificing water. Another adaptation that is seen with camels is th at their main fat store is their hump. A camel does not store fat on other parts of their body.This is because the fat would act as insulation and reduce the amount of heat lost at night, at a time when the temperature is cooler, and most heat dissipation occurs. Excretion in Camels: Richards (1973) as cited by Mukasa-Mugerwa (1981) explores the fact that camels are able to produce urine that contains twice as much salt as sea water. It was noted by Mukasa-Mugerwa (1981) that the Kidney is composed of Henle loops of varying lengths. Camels are seen to contain a lot of longer loops than any other species, so there is a bigger potential for water to be reabsorbed, and the urine becoming concentrated.This coincides with the camels ability to facilitate water and plants with a salt content higher than normal. Schmidt-Nielsen (1964) as cited by Mukasa-Mugerwa (1981) compared the volume of urine excreted by the camel while hydrated and while dehydrated. The camel while hydrated, excreted up to 4 litres of urine in a single day, compared to the when it was dehydrated, where it excreted up to half a litre of urine. It was also noted that the camel produced faeces, almost completely absent of water.It was composed of a large number of pellets approximately 3cm in length. As they lacked water, they were light to lift, with a shiny appearance. Conclusion: Camels like animals in other extreme environments have adapted well to suit their environment of temperature fluctuations and a lack of water. Camels have evolved in such a way that moving has been made easier, they do not sink into the sand, so they do not expend more energy than is needed. The camels adaptation to a large fluctuation in body temperature allows water to be conserved as it is not lost as sweat.The camels hump proves as an invaluable energy source when food sources are scarce, as is common in desert ecosystems, the fat is metabolized and used as energy. It's all these adaptations that allows the camel to live in such an extreme environment. The absence of one or more of these adaptations would lead to the inability of camels to survive in this environment. In this day and age global warming is increasing the average temperature of the earths atmosphere, if there was a significant increase, could these organism handle an increased temperature luctuation? References: Jeremy M. B. Smith desert 2013. Encyclop? dia Britannica Online. Retrieved 01 March, 2013, from http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/158992/desert Kohler-Rollefson, Ilse U, (1991). Camelus Dromedarius. Mammalian Species. 375 (1-8), pp. 1-4 Mares, Michael A. , (1999). Encyclopaedia of Deserts. 1st ed. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. Richards, S. A. , 1973. Adaptation to heat. In Temperature regulation. London, Wykeham Publications, pp. 191-197 as cited by Mukasa-Mugerwa, E. , (1981).The Camel (Camelus Dromedarius): A Bibliographical Review. 1st ed. Ethiopia: International Livestock Centre of Africa Savage R . J. G & Long, M. R. , (1986). Mammal Evolution. 1st ed. United Kingdom: Facts on File & The British Museum. Schmidt-Nielsen, K. 1964. The Camel. In Desert Animals: physiological problems of heat and water. Oxford, Clarendon press, 277 pp as cited by Mukasa-Mugerwa, E. , (1981). The Camel (Camelus Dromedarius): A Bibliographical Review. 1st ed. Ethiopia: International Livestock Centre of Africa

Business quiz answer

Your Answer: culture Correct serve as a baseline for actions and decision making and guide employees in the organization's intentions and interests. Your Answer: Values Correct Question: A company's Answer: mission Correct is its primary reason for existence. Your Question: The primary resource of all organizations is . Your Answer: employees Incorrect Question: Organizational climates are Answer: counter-productive to Correct corporate cultures. Your Question: The process of collecting information about the external environment to identify and analyze trends is called: Your Answer: environmental scanning.Correct is a function of the ability to learn and to perform according to changes in the environment. Your Answer: Organizational adaptability Correct Question: For many organizations, what customers value often becomes the company's: Your Answer: distinctive competitive advantage Correct Question: The final step in the basic planning process is Answer: controlling and evaluating th e results Correct Question: Which of the following questions applies directly to the function of landing?Your Answer: What do we want to accomplish? Incorrect Question: The step in the basic planning process would the statement ‘This organization will capture 5% more of the product market in the next 2 years† focus upon: Your Answer: production schedules. Correct Question: The three levels of strategies are corporate, business, and . Your Answer: functional Correct Question.

Obser and inquire Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Obser and inquire - Research Paper Example In this regard, using the observation experience as in input in the current essay, the aim of the discourse is to pursue responding to a developed inquiry that: â€Å"Women in Mainstream American Culture Tend to Take on More Child-Rearing Duties than Men†. Upon closer examination of the points of inquiry, one established the need to delve into further research on the validity of women taking on more child-rearing responsibilities than men. In the working draft written by Robert Max Jackson, a whole chapter devoted to the responsibility for child rearing provided extensive and comprehensive details that aim to address the question: â€Å"why women so regularly contribute most of this effort† (Jackson 126). Although the author ventured into providing theories that explain the disparate role and skewed responsibilities towards women, Jackson concluded his arguments by indicating that â€Å"mens economic position gives them individual competitive advantages and collective power that allow men individually to beat out women in the labor market and collectively to impose institutionalized discrimination† (Jackson 146). It is interesting to note that the theoretical framework to rationalize women’s propensities for child-rearing tasks from Chodorow’s theory, to wit: it "has unquestionably been true that women have had primary responsibility for child care, (and that) women by and large want to mother, and get gratification from their mothering;" and that "women have succeeded at mothering" (Chodorow; cited in Jackson 133). The observation noted at the shopping mall have effectively validated that mothers were more restrictive and verbally reminding their children to stay close and not to wander far. In contrast, fathers were more lax and were self-assured that they could immediately find their wandering children. Using Chodorow’s theory, mothers would not be complacent in their primary responsibility